ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To investigate biomarkers of acute renal injury in Wistar rats, subjected to left renal ischemia for 10 minutes, and then compare reperfusion at 24 hours, and at 5, 7, 14 and 21 days after the procedure. METHODS: Eight female and male rats between 60 and 81 days old were used in the Central Animal Facility of the UFMS. Assessed biomarkers included urine protein, urea, creatinine, glucose, sodium, potassium, urine alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase activities, and protein-to-creatinine ratio; and in serum: urea, creatinine, sodium and potassium, fractional excretion of sodium, potassium, urine flow and creatinine clearance. RESULTS: Greater variance was observed in the parameters at 24 hours and at five days (p<0.05) after reperfusion. On the 21st day, these parameters approximated those obtained for the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Renal ischemia for 10 minutes was sufficient to raise urine levels of protein, glucose, fractional excretion of potassium, urea, creatinine clearance, urine activity of gamma-glutamyltransferase and alkaline phosphatase enzymes in the first 24 hours, up to five days after reperfusion, which may indicate risk of acute kidney injury, according to the RIFLE classification. .
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Acute Kidney Injury/urine , Biomarkers/urine , Ischemia/urine , Kidney/blood supply , Reperfusion Injury/urine , Acute Kidney Injury/blood , Alkaline Phosphatase/urine , Biomarkers/blood , Creatinine/blood , Creatinine/urine , Glycosuria , Ischemia/blood , Potassium/blood , Potassium/urine , Rats, Wistar , Reference Values , Risk Factors , Reperfusion Injury/blood , Sex Factors , Sodium/blood , Sodium/urine , Time Factors , Urea/blood , Urea/urine , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/urineABSTRACT
Data on the frequency, distribution and mean intensity of the helminth fauna recovered from outbred and inbred mice conventionally maintained in Brazilian animal houses, are reported. The oxyurid nematodes Syphacia obvelata and Aspiculuris tetraptera presented overall frequencies of 91.5 percent and 8.5 percent, respectively. The frequency of S. obvelata in animals of three groups out of the four investigated ranged from 9 percent to 74 percent and A. tetraptera from 17 percent to 83 percent, since animals of one of the groups were negative for helminths. Infections due to a single species were observed in 62 percent of the animals, compared to 16 percent related to associations. The frequency of single infections in each group varied from 58.6 percent to 100 percent whereas associations varied from 24.1 percent to 41.4 percent. The analysis of specific mean intensities showed that S. obvelata was represented by 13.35 to 66.58 specimens/host and A. tetraptera by 5.85 to 16.75 specimens/host